多叶片组合式搅拌桨釜内流动特性和混合性能研究

开发可适用于较宽黏度范围的搅拌桨，强化釜内的流体流动和混合过程对于搅拌釜的节能增效具有重要的意义。实验与数值模拟相结合，在大涡模拟层面研究了多叶片组合式搅拌桨（MBC桨）从层流到湍流状态下，釜内的功率特性、流场分布、湍流特性和混合性能。结果表明：预测的功率曲线与实验结果一致；层流状态下釜内以切向流动为主，随着Reynolds数（Re）的增大，釜内轴向和径向流动逐渐增强，当Re达到486时，速度场分布与湍流状态下基本一致；在相同的能耗水平下，MBC桨对高黏度流体的混合性能优于商业Maxblend桨。桨叶的分散组合布置，强化了釜内的轴向和径向流动，使得MBC搅拌桨在从过渡流到湍流状态下均可实现较大的轴径向流动，湍动能分布较为均匀，混合过程显著加快。     

Fabrication of carbon encapsulated Co3O4 nanoparticles embedded in porous graphitic carbon nanosheets for microwave absorber

Carbon-encapsulated Co₃O₄ nanoparticles homogeneously embedded 2D (two-dimensional) porous graphitic carbon (PGC) nanosheets were prepared by a facile and scalable synthesis method. With assistance of sodium chloride, the Co₃O₄ nanoparticles (10–20 nm) with magnetic loss were well encapsulated by onion-like carbon shells homogeneously embedded porous graphitic carbon nanosheets (thickness of less than 50 nm) with dielectric loss. In the architecture, the well impedance matching for microwave absorption can be obtained by the synergetic effect between Co₃O₄ nanoparticles and encapsulated porous carbon nanosheets. The minimum reflection loss value of −32.3 dB was observed at 11.4 GHz with a matching thickness of 2.3 mm for 2D Co₃O₄@C@PGC nanosheets. The 2D Co₃O₄@C@PGC nanosheets can be used as a kind of candidate for microwave absorbing materials.     

The influence of dehydration on the interfacial bonding,microstructure and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide nanocomposites

The relationship between the interfacial bonding, microstructure and mechanical properties of the poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide nanocomposites (PVA/GO) has been investigated by controlling the water content through a dehydration process. The interfacial bonding in PVA/GO was predominantly by hydrogen bonds which were strongly affected by the dehydration process. Micro-voids in the microstructure formed after dehydration due to the shrinkage of the fibrils. A variety of hydrogen bonds including water–water, water–GO and water–PVA can be replaced with the strong PVA–GO interfacial bond resulting in a transition from ductile to brittle fracture. The tensile modulus and strength properties of the PVA and PVA/GO increased as the amount of residual water reduced, while the fracture strain was decreased. The surface mechanical properties of PVA/GO measured by nanoindentation showed broadly similar trends with water content as the bulk mechanical properties. However, there was a threshold value of approximately 3 wt.% water below which the surface mechanical properties decrease slightly. The indentation modulus was higher than the tensile modulus by a factor of at least three. The combined influence of the microstructure and the distribution of water in the nanocomposite is considered to be responsible for this.     

Model recovery anti-windup for output saturated SISO linear closed loops

We define model recovery anti-windup for SISO linear control systems with output saturation. We address the problem by relying on a hybrid modification of the linear closed loop which employs a suitable logic variable to activate/deactivate various components of a control scheme. The scheme relies on a finite-time observation law, an open-loop observer and an open-loop input generator which is capable of driving the plant output within the saturation limits. Then the control scheme is based on suitable (hybrid) resetting laws allowing the controller to operate on the artificial output signal generated by the open-loop observer when the actual plant output is outside the saturation limits. Unlike existing results, not only we prove uniform global asymptotic stability of the closed loop, but we also prove the local preservation and global recovery properties, typical of model recovery anti-windup paradigms. We also illustrate the proposed technique on an example study.     

E2EM's prediction of LaB6 as nucleation substrate for primary Mn-rich phase in Al-Si-Cu-Mn heat-resistant alloy and its refining effect

Edge-to-edge matching (E2EM) model was used to predict the potency of LaB₆ as the heterogeneous nucleation substrate for primary Al₁₃Mn₄Si₈ phase formed during the solidification of Al-Si-Cu-Mn heat-resistant alloy. There are five pairs of orientation relationships (ORs) between LaB₆ and Al₁₃Mn₄Si₈ phases which meet the criteria of E2EM model. One pair of plane ORs ((110)_LaB6//(110)_Al13Mn4Si8) are demonstrated by TEM observation. This strongly indicates that the LaB₆ phase can act as the heterogeneous nucleation substrate for the primary Al₁₃Mn₄Si₈ phase. 1.0 wt.% of Al-2La-1B master alloy was also added into Al-12Si-4Cu-2Mn alloy to evaluate the refining effect by microstructure observation and tensile test. Experimental results show that addition of Al-2La-1B master alloy can significantly refine the primary Al₁₃Mn₄Si₈ phase, supporting the prediction accuracy of E2EM model. However, such refinement of primary Al₁₃Mn₄Si₈ phase does not lead to an improvement in strength. This is due to the larger difference in elastic modulus between the finally formed Al₁₃Mn₄Si₈ phase and aluminum matrix than that of Al₁₅Mn₃Si₂ phase.